Fiber Optical Communication

نوشته شده توسط : Katherine Wang Introduction to Optical Transponder Optical transponder is also referred to as WDM transponder, wavelength-converting transponder or OEO (Optical-Electrical-Optical) 3R (re-timing, re-shaping, and re-amplifying) converter, and the word “transponder” is named according to the combination between transmitter and responder. It is an important unit in WDM syst, ...ادامه مطلب

Whatrsquo;s CWDM Technology? CWDM, also referred to as coarse wavelength division multiplexing, is a kind of WDM technology that uses different wavelengths to multiplex two or more optical signals and carry them together via a single optical fiber, aiming at enhancing the network performance. Instea, ...ادامه مطلب

As the optical network develops fast, todayrsquo;s network needs much higher capacity than ever before, for carrying the large amount of data. Under this trend, the DWDM technology is come up with that can greatly expand the network capacity in long haul transmission. For those capacity-hungry appli, ...ادامه مطلب

As the most commonly used module in 100G Etheet network, QSFP28 transceiver can be fitted with various of 100G interfaces to meet the requirements of different applications. For instance, the most basic 100G interfaces, 100GBASE-SR4 always used for short distance transmission, no longer than 100 m, and 100GBASE-LR4 highly recommendable for long-haul optical transmission, with the lengths up to 10 km, occupy the majority of the 100G market. Considering that, if we want to deploy the 100G Etheet network with the transmission distance longer than 100 m but shorter than 10 km, the QSFP28 100GBASE-SR4 transceiver canrsquo;t satisfy the requirement and the QSFP28 100GBASE-LR4 transceiver is not the most cost effective one. In order to deal with the mentioned applications, the 100GBASE-PSM4 and 100GBASE-CWDM4 interfaces for QSFP28 transceivers came into market, expected to be the optimized, alteative solutions for 100G Etheet network in data center. Why PSM4 and CWDM4 Interfaces Are U, ...ادامه مطلب

As we know, the 10G SFP+ interface offers the highest density, lowest cost and lowest power 10 Gigabit Etheet solution, while the SFP+ transceiver is published and available for achieving the migration from 1G to 10G network. However, if the mass 10G migration is required, the total cost for SFP+ fiber optical solution is still high. In order to reduce the cost for 10G migration, experts come up with the SFP+ twinax direct attach cable solution for 10G short distance transmission as a ideal cost effective alteative to the fiber optical solution. In this paper, it will mainly talk about the SFP+ twinax direct attach cable, which may be useful for you to deploy a 10G short distance transmission in a cost effective manner. Whatrsquo;s the SFP+ Twinax Direct Attach Cable? SFP+ twinax direct attach cable, also referred to as SFP+ DAC or 10G twinax cable, is a copper interconnect using a twinax cable assembly that connects directly into an SFP+ housing, designed for 10G short distance tr, ...ادامه مطلب

With the growing network requirements for higher network speed, greater scalability, higher performance and reliability, 40G network gradually becomes a better choice for most data centers. Under this condition, the 40G QSFP+ copper direct attach cable(DAC) came into market, which is designed for delivering an aggregate data bandwidth of 40Gb/s in a short distance and high density cabling interconnect system. As a highly cost-effective solution for 40G to 40G or 10G to 40G connection, there is no doubt that the QSFP DAC twinax cableplays an important role in 40G cabling for better meeting the increasing requirements. QSFP DAC Twinax Cable Overview QSFP DAC twinax cable is also referred to as QSFP+ copper direct attach cable or QSFP copper cable, used for connecting switch to switch or switch to sever. It can be simply divided into three types, QSFP+ to QSFP+ direct attach copper cable, QSFP+ to 4 SFP+ direct attach breakout copper cable and QSFP+ to 4 XFP breakout copper cable. Since t, ...ادامه مطلب

Nowadays our network has a gluttonous demand for data, which brings a big challenge to Etheet network. In order to meet the increasing demand for higher and higher data transmission rate, 10G, 40G, 100G and even 120G Etheet Network are developed to be deployed for our system. Have you ever known how fast the data transmission speed is in 100G Etheet network? Do you also want to deploy 100G Etheet network for your system? Then, are you familiar with the transceivers for 100G Etheet network? In this article, it will mainly introduce some commonly used 100G transceivers that will guide you to select the proper transceiver for your network if you want to make the 100G migration. 100G Transceiver Solutions 100G Etheet network is a kind of computer networking technology developed for transmitting data at rates of 100 Gbit/s. To meet the increasing requirement of high speed in 100G Etheet network, a series of 100G transceivers are designed for connecting cabling to the network a, ...ادامه مطلب

Since data centers have been experiencing an great infrastructure change to achieve higher levels of performance and scalability, the demand for 100G Etheet network increases day by day. To better accommodate this great change, there are several kinds of transceivers designed for deploying 100G Etheet network, such as, CFP, CFP2, CFP4, QSFP28, CPAK, etc. Among these 100G optics, QSFP28 transceiver offers the optimal solution for the 100G migration with the lowest power consumption which is very commonly used at present. In this paper, it will introduce QSFP28 transceiver and analyze the reason why QSFP28 transceiver is so popular in 100G Etheet network. QSFP28 Transceiver Overview As the smallest 100G form factor transceiver, QSFP28 transceiver has the same size and lane number as 40G QSFP+ transceiver, which is implemented with four 25-Gbps lanes to achieve 100G transmission. With the design of an upgraded electrical interface, it is able to support signals rates up to 28 Gbit/s, ...ادامه مطلب

It is well known that SFP+ transceivers like SFP-10G-SR and SFP-10G-SR-S are very commonly used and perform greatly in 10G short distance transmission. When higher bandwidth is required, several SFP+ transceivers can be used together to offer multiple 10G links as a common solution. However, if an individual 40G link is implemented in this case, it has the ability to perform higher with much faster data transmission rate than multiple 10G links. As the deployment of 40G Etheet network is not so simple as that of 10G Etheet network, the following will introduce three widely applied solutions for short distance transmission in 40G Etheet network which can be useful for you to deploy individual 40G link instead of multiple 10G links. Three Solutions to Support 40G Short Distance Transmission With the popularity of 40G Etheet network, 40G solutions, especially 40G QSFP+ modules, have been widely applied to finish 40G data transmission. At present, there are various kinds of 40G sol, ...ادامه مطلب

To face the challenge of migration from 10G to 40/100G Etheet network, the fiber technology for higher data transmission speed has developed in a really fast manner. Under this trend, a series of high density fiber equipment, especially MPO/MTP products, are designed to control the costs, by way of maximizing retu on assets. Have you ever known about MPO/MTP products, for instance, MPO/MTP cable, MPO/MTP cassette and MPO/MTP patch panel, which are very popularly used in recently years? Among these high density products, MPO/MTP cassette plays an indispensable role in 10G to 40/100G migration, as one of the ideal solutions for high density data centers. The following will mainly introduce the basic information of MPO/MTP cassette and illustrate how it is used for 10G network and the upgrading from 10G to 40/100G network. MPO/MTP Cassettemdash;Ideal Solution for High Density Fiber Cabling System MPO/MTP cassette is a modular module that offers secure and smooth transition between MPO, ...ادامه مطلب

Nowadays, there is a widespread conce over the migration from traditional 10G to 40/100G Etheet network, which seems to be an irreversible trend. As we know, 40/100G Etheet network can greatly address the problem of very low network speed. Do you also consider upgrading your system for higher bandwidth and larger capacity? There is no doubt that fiber cables must be the first choice for a smooth 40/100G migration, which almost makes copper cables obsolete. But which kind of fiber should be chosen? Is there any key notice should be taken into consideration when selecting fiber for the migration? These problems will be explored and answered in the following parts. Which Fiber Type Should Be Chosen for 40/100G Migration? It is reported that over 80% of data centers support their network within 100 meters in recent years. Thatrsquo;s to say, if the fiber has the ability to transmit 40/100G signal for a short distance, it almost satisfies the needs for migration. In general, there are, ...ادامه مطلب

With the continuously growing demand for higher capacity and bandwidth, the deployment of 40G Etheet network becomes much more necessary than ever before. As one of the key components to accomplish a whole 40G connection, QSFP+ transceiver, a compact, hot-pluggable module, is designed with four independent channels to transmit and receive 10G signals, supporting 4x10 Gbit/s data rates. This kind of module can be used both in 40G to 40G application where one QSFP+ transceiver will be connected to another QSFP+ transceiver and in 10G to 40G application where one QSFP+ transceiver will be connected to four SFP+ transceivers. Do you also want to upgrade your system from 10G to 40G Etheet network by using QSFP+ transceiver? The following will detailedly describe the step-by-step procedures for installing QSFP+ transceiver and attaching optical network cable to the transceiver, which will be helpful for you to achieve a fast, smooth and seamless 40G network deployment. QSFP+ Transceiver , ...ادامه مطلب

As we know, duplex LC interfaces are widely used in 10G SFP modules, for instance, SFP-10G-LR-S module and SFP-10G-SR module, which occupy the majority of 10G module market. However, for 40G QSFP+ modules, both LC interface and MTP/MPO interface play important roles in meeting the high speed transmission, which are available on 40G QSFP module market. What are the differences between these two interface types? Which one should be chosen when deploying 40G Etheet network? Do they function similarly in the same application? Letrsquo;s talk about this topics and find one kind of 40G QSFP+ module with the most suitable interface type so as to make a smooth 40G connection for our network. Differences Between LC Interface and MTP/MPO Interface From the following figure, we can see the examples of QSFP+ modules with two different interfaces. The left one is the module with with LC interface, while the right one is with MTP/MPO interface. The differences between these two kinds of modules va, ...ادامه مطلب

Are the Etheet patch cables you purchase from the local or online stores always at the proper length? Or not so suitable for your network because they are too long or too short that donrsquo;t meet your expectations? Have you ever considered making the improper Etheet patch cable into a suitable one by yourself, so that you can deploy your network by using you own Etheet patch cable and save a lot of money, time and space? In fact, terminating the Etheet patch cables is not so difficult but very useful for fast network deployment, which will be presented in the post. Meanwhile, there are several important things you should take into consideration before making the Etheet patch cable termination, which will be also illustrated in details. Hope these information will guide you to make your own Etheet patch cable and then deploy your Etheet network in a very fast, smooth and cost effective manner. Selecting a Proper Etheet Patch Cable Before making the Etheet patch cable, ...ادامه مطلب

Although the copper-based patch cable performs not so well as the fiber patch cable in Etheet network, it is still popularly used due to its advantages of low cost, high flexibility, easy installation and operation. So far, there are various kinds of copper-based patch cables that were published and came into the market in succession, such as, cat5/cat5e, cat6/cat6a and cat7 Etheet cable, etc. Among these copper-based patch cables, Cat5e and Cat6 Etheet cable are two of the most commonly applied types that have similar features and functions, which may be a little hard to distinguish. Do you also feel confused? Letrsquo;s study the knowledge of these two patch cables and acquire which one is more suitable and cost effective to be used. Introduction to Cat5e and Cat6 Etheet Cable Cat5e Etheet cable is an improved version of Cat5 Etheet cable, published in early 2001. In comparison with Cat5 Etheet cable, it has a very similar appearance, but composed of four pairs of coppe, ...ادامه مطلب